Advantages of intra uterine devices (IUDs):
1. Prolonged Drug Action:
Once placed, IUDs can provide therapeutic effects for extended periods ranging from months to years.
2. Reduced Systemic Side Effects:
Localized delivery means less drug is distributed throughout the body, leading to fewer side effects in most cases.
3. Increased Compliance:
Given their prolonged action, there's no daily or frequent dose to remember, which often results in better patient compliance.
4. Reversible:
Most hormonal IUDs offer reversible contraception. Once removed, fertility typically returns to its normal state.
Disadvantages of intra uterine devices (IUDs):
1. Insertion and Removal:
IUDs require a medical procedure for both insertion and removal. This can be uncomfortable and may deter some potential users.
2. Localized Side Effects:
Although systemic side effects are reduced, localized effects such as pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine perforation, or increased menstrual bleeding and pain can occur.
3. Migration and Expulsion:
There's a risk of the IUD moving from its original position or being expelled from the uterus.
4. Doesn't Protect Against STIs:
UDs don't provide protection against sexually transmitted infections.