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Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)

Preparation

  • Ammonium chloride can be prepared by the reaction of ammonia (NH₃) with hydrochloric acid (HCl).

  • The chemical reaction is as follows:

NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

Properties

  • Physical Appearance: White crystalline solid.

  • Solubility: Soluble in water and has a cooling, salty taste.

  • Nature: Ionic compound.

  • Melting Point: 338°C (640°F).

  • Chemical Nature: Weak acid, capable of undergoing reactions with bases.

Uses

  1. Expectorant: Used in cough medicines to help clear mucus from the respiratory tract.

  2. Buffering Agent: Employed in the pharmaceutical industry to maintain the pH of solutions.

  3. Fertilizer Production: Used in the production of fertilizers, particularly for rice and wheat cultivation.

  4. Industrial Applications: Utilized in electroplating, soldering flux, and metal recovery processes.

Storage of Ammonium chloride

  • Conditions: Should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from heat and direct sunlight.

  • Container: Keep in a tightly closed container to minimize exposure to air and moisture.

  • Avoid Contact: Store away from strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents to prevent chemical reactions.


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