Preparation:
Potassium permanganate is industrially prepared by reacting manganese dioxide (MnO₂) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a strong oxidizing agent like potassium nitrate (KNO₃) or oxygen.
The mixture is heated to form potassium manganate (K₂MnO₄), which is then oxidized to potassium permanganate:
2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K2MnO4 + 2H2O2
3K2MnO4 + 2H2O → 2KMnO4 + 2KOH + MnO23
Properties:
Dark purple or almost black crystalline solid.
Highly soluble in water, forming a purple solution.
Strong oxidizing agent.
Stable in dry form but decomposes in the presence of organic material or reducing agents.
Uses:
As an antimicrobial and antiseptic for treating skin infections, ulcers, and wounds.
In dilute solutions for disinfecting water.
In the treatment of fungal infections such as athlete's foot.
Used in treating certain parasitic skin conditions.
Storage of Potassium Permanganate:
Store in a cool, dry place away from organic materials and reducing agents.
Keep in a tightly sealed container to avoid exposure to moisture and contaminants.