Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid): Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Side Effects

Chemical Structure:

• C9H8O4

Chemical Structure

Mechanism of Action:

• Aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX enzymes, which reduces the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This action provides analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. It also inhibits platelet aggregation by irreversibly inactivating thromboxane A2 in platelets, which is useful in preventing blood clots.

Uses:

• Used for pain relief, anti-inflammatory purposes, fever reduction, and prevention of blood clots (e.g., in heart attack and stroke prevention).

Side Effects:

• Gastrointestinal irritation, ulceration, and bleeding are common. Increased bleeding risk is a concern, especially in surgical or injury settings. It should not be used in children and teenagers due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.