Astringents

Overview

• Astringents are substances that cause the contraction or shrinkage of tissues, helping to dry out and tighten the skin.

• Commonly used in dermatology, cosmetics, and some medical treatments.

• They work primarily by precipitating proteins on the skin surface or mucous membranes, leading to reduced tissue permeability, inflammation, secretion, and bleeding.

Mechanism of Action:

Coagulation of Surface Proteins:

• Astringents coagulate surface proteins of cells, especially keratin proteins in the skin, resulting in:

  • Tightening and firming of the skin or mucous membranes.

  • Reduction in fluid secretion, thereby drying the area.

  • Decrease in swelling and inflammation.

Common Uses of Astringents:

1) Skin Care:

• Used in skincare products to remove excess oil, tighten pores, and give a fresh feeling.

• Beneficial for oily or acne-prone skin, as they help clear sebum and prevent acne formation.

2) Minor Cuts and Abrasions:

• Helps stop minor bleeding by causing blood vessels to contract and reducing blood flow.

3) Mucous Membrane Issues:

• Used in medical settings to reduce mucus secretion and swelling in areas like the throat or in hemorrhoid treatments.

Examples of Astringents:

1) Witch Hazel

• A natural astringent derived from the witch hazel plant.

• Commonly used in skincare products for its ability to tighten skin and reduce inflammation.

2) Aluminum Acetate

• A chemical astringent used in medical solutions to soothe skin irritations and reduce inflammation.

3) Tannic Acid

• Found in tea and some plants.

• Used in treatments for sore throats, hemorrhoids, and skin irritations due to its astringent properties.