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Overview
Astringents are substances that cause the contraction or shrinkage of tissues, helping to dry out and tighten the skin.
Commonly used in dermatology, cosmetics, and some medical treatments.
They work primarily by precipitating proteins on the skin surface or mucous membranes, leading to reduced tissue permeability, inflammation, secretion, and bleeding.
Mechanism of Action
Coagulation of Surface Proteins
Astringents coagulate surface proteins of cells, especially keratin proteins in the skin, resulting in:
Tightening and firming of the skin or mucous membranes.
Reduction in fluid secretion, thereby drying the area.
Decrease in swelling and inflammation.
Common Uses of Astringents
1) Skin Care
Used in skincare products to remove excess oil, tighten pores, and give a fresh feeling.
Beneficial for oily or acne-prone skin, as they help clear sebum and prevent acne formation.
2) Minor Cuts and Abrasions
Helps stop minor bleeding by causing blood vessels to contract and reducing blood flow.
3) Mucous Membrane Issues
Used in medical settings to reduce mucus secretion and swelling in areas like the throat or in hemorrhoid treatments.
Examples of Astringents
1) Witch Hazel
Commonly used in skincare products for its ability to tighten skin and reduce inflammation.
2) Aluminum Acetate
A chemical astringent used in medical solutions to soothe skin irritations and reduce inflammation.
3) Tannic Acid
Found in tea and some plants.
Used in treatments for sore throats, hemorrhoids, and skin irritations due to its astringent properties.
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