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Atovaquone: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of action, Uses & Side effects

Chemical formula:

  • C22H19ClO3

Structure of Atovaquone
Structure of Atovaquone

Mechanism of action:

  • Atovaquone inhibits the mitochondrial electron transport chain in the Plasmodium parasite, specifically targeting the cytochrome bc1 complex.

  • This action disrupts the production of ATP, leading to the death of the parasite.

Uses:

  • Atovaquone is used in combination with proguanil (Malarone®) for the prevention and treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, particularly in areas with drug-resistant strains.

  • It is also used in combination with other drugs for the treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with HIV/AIDS

Side effects:

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • abdominal pain

  • headache

  • dizziness

  • and rash

  • serious side effects include hepatotoxicity, severe skin reactions, and anaemia.


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