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1st Semester - Human Anatomy and Physiology I

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B Pharm 1st Semester HAP-1 Notes 

FirstHope B Pharm 1st semester Human anatomy Notes are ideal for university & competitive exams like GPAT & NIPER. These notes are designed according to PCI guidelines valid & sufficient for AKTU University, RTU University, Jamia Hamdard-Delhi University, Anna University, Savitribai Phule University, Shivaji University, NTR University, Andhra University, and other state and private universities across India.

These Notes are Much better & reliable then carewell pharma notes or imperfect pharmacy notes.

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Human Anatomy and Physiology - I (B Pharma 1st Semester Notes)

Unit 1: Introduction to Human Body

Definition & Scope

Human Anatomy and Physiology notes cover the structure and function of the human body, essential for BPharma 1st semester notes.

Levels of Organization & Homeostasis

  • Levels: Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism.

  • Homeostasis: Maintains body balance (e.g., temperature, blood pressure).

Cell Structure & Function

  • Parts: Membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm.

  • Transport: Passive (diffusion) & active (endocytosis).

  • Signaling: Contact-dependent, paracrine, synaptic, endocrine.

Tissues in Human Anatomy

  • Epithelial: Covers body surfaces.

  • Muscular: Movement (skeletal, cardiac, smooth).

  • Nervous: Signal transmission.

  • Connective: Support (bones, blood).

Unit 2: Integumentary & Skeletal System

Skin Structure & Function

  • Layers: Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis.

  • Functions: Protection, sensation, vitamin D synthesis.

Skeletal System (BPharma Notes)

  • Axial (skull, spine) & Appendicular (limbs, pelvis).

  • Functions: Support, protection, movement, blood formation.

Muscle & Joints

  • Muscle Contraction: Actin-myosin interaction, ATP, calcium.

  • Joints: Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial (movement types).

Unit 3: Blood & Lymphatic System

Blood Composition & Functions

  • Plasma, RBCs, WBCs, Platelets (oxygen transport, immunity, clotting).

  • Blood Groups (ABO, Rh): Important for transfusion.

Lymphatic System

  • Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus help in immunity and fluid balance.

Unit 4: Nervous System & Special Senses

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Notes

  • Somatic (voluntary) & Autonomic (involuntary: sympathetic, parasympathetic).

  • Spinal & Cranial Nerves (12 pairs).

Special Senses (Human Anatomy Notes)

  • Eye (vision disorders: cataract, myopia).

  • Ear (hearing, balance).

  • Nose & Tongue (smell, taste perception).

Unit 5: Cardiovascular System 

Heart & Blood Circulation

  • Heart Anatomy: Atria, ventricles, valves.

  • Blood Flow: Pulmonary & systemic circulation.

Blood Pressure & ECG

  • Regulation: Heart rate, vessel resistance, autonomic nervous system.

  • ECG: Monitors heart function (detects arrhythmia, heart attack).

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