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2nd Semester - Biochemistry

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B Pharm 2nd Semester Biochemistry Notes Validity

FirstHope B Pharm 2nd semester Biochemistry Notes are ideal for university & competitive exams like GPAT & NIPER. These notes are designed according to PCI guidelines valid & sufficient for AKTU University, RTU University, Jamia Hamdard-Delhi University, Anna University, Savitribai Phule University, Shivaji University, NTR University, Andhra University, and other state and private universities across India.

These Notes are Much better & reliable then carewell pharma notes or imperfect pharmacy notes.

Lab Practicals

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Previous Year & Important questions-answers

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Subject Details-click on any unit

Biochemistry - I (B Pharma 2nd Semester Notes)

Unit 1: Biomolecules & Bioenergetics

  • Classification, structure, and biological roles of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, amino acids & proteins.

  • Bioenergetics: Free energy, enthalpy, entropy, ATP, cyclic AMP, and redox potential

Unit 2: : Carbohydrate Metabolism & Biological Oxidation

  • Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle (TCA cycle), Gluconeogenesis, HMP shunt & Glycogen metabolism.

  • Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) & hormonal regulation of blood glucose.

  • Diabetes mellitus, Electron Transport Chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, and inhibitors.

Unit 3: Lipid & Amino Acid Metabolism

  • Lipid metabolism: β-oxidation, ketone body formation, cholesterol metabolism & related disorders (atherosclerosis, fatty liver, hypercholesterolemia, obesity).

  • Amino acid metabolism: Transamination, deamination, urea cycle, metabolic disorders (Phenylketonuria, Albinism, Alkaptonuria, Tyrosinemia).

  • Neurotransmitter synthesis: Dopamine, serotonin, melatonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline.

Heme metabolism, jaundice, & hyperbilirubinemia

Unit 4: Nucleic Acid Metabolism & Genetic Information Transfer

  • Biosynthesis & breakdown of purine & pyrimidine nucleotides, hyperuricemia & gout.

  • Structure & function of DNA/RNA, organization of the mammalian genome.

  • DNA replication, RNA transcription, genetic code, protein synthesis & inhibitors

Unit 5: Enzymes & Their Applications 

  • Enzyme kinetics: Michaelis-Menten plot, Lineweaver-Burk plot.

  • Enzyme inhibition & regulation (allosteric enzymes, enzyme induction & repression).

  • Therapeutic & diagnostic applications of enzymes & isoenzymes.

  • Coenzymes: Structure & biochemical functions

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