Biopiracy refers to the exploitation of biological resources or traditional knowledge of indigenous communities without consent or compensation.
It undermines indigenous rights, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development.
Examples of Biopiracy
1) Neem Tree Case (India)
Neem (Azadirachta indica) has been used in India for pest control and medicinal purposes.
A patent was granted for a neem-based antifungal formulation, but activists challenged it as biopiracy.
The patent was revoked by the European Patent Office after legal action.
2) Hoodia Cactus Case (Africa)
The San people traditionally used Hoodia gordonii as an appetite suppressant.
Researchers patented the active compound and licensed it for commercial use.
After negotiations, a benefit-sharing agreement was reached, ensuring the San people received a share of the profits.
