1) Percentage Solutions:
These are solutions where the concentration of a solute in a solution is expressed as a percentage.
In pharmacy, this typically refers to:
Weight/Volume (w/v)
Weight/Weight (w/w)
Volume/Volume (v/v) percentages.
2) Weight/Volume Percentage (w/v):
Used for: Solid substances dissolved in a liquid.
Definition: Expressed as grams of solute per 100 mL of solution.
Calculation:
Example:
If 5 grams of a drug are dissolved in 250 mL of solution, the concentration is:
3) Weight/Weight Percentage (w/w):
Used for: Mixtures of two solid substances.
Definition: Expressed as grams of solute per 100 grams of the total solution.
Calculation:
4) Volume/Volume Percentage (v/v):
Used for: Solutions where both solute and solvent are liquids.
Definition: Expressed as milliliters of solute per 100 mL of solution.
Calculation:
This organized layout clearly separates the different types of percentage solutions with corresponding explanations, formulas, and examples.