Catechu (Tannins)

General Introduction

• Catechu, commonly known as cutch, is a tannin-rich material obtained from the wood of specific Acacia species.

• It has been traditionally used for its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties.

Illustration of Catechu (Tannins)

Synonyms of Catechu

• Common name: Cutch, Black catechu

• Scientific name: Acacia catechu

• Synonyms: Katha (Hindi)

Biological Source

• Extracted from the heartwood of Acacia catechu.

Family

• Fabaceae

Composition

• Major tannins:

  • Catechin: A flavonoid-based tannin.

  • Catechutannic acid: A condensed tannin.

  • Epicatechin

• Also contains gallic acid, gum, and resin.

Chemistry & Chemical Classes

• Chemical Class: Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins).

• Structure:

  • Catechins are flavonoids with hydroxyl groups that contribute to their antioxidant and astringent properties.

• Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol.

Therapeutic Uses

• Astringent: Used for treating diarrhea, dysentery, and bleeding gums.

• Anti-inflammatory: Reduces swelling and inflammation in wounds.

• Antioxidant: Neutralizes free radicals, promoting tissue healing.

• Antimicrobial: Effective against bacterial infections.

Commercial Applications

• Used in tooth powders, mouthwashes, and wound-healing preparations.

• Employed in the tanning of leather and dyeing of fabrics.