Chloroform (Trichloromethane)

Chloroform (Trichloromethane) Definition 

• Chloroform (Trichloromethane), also known by its IUPAC name trichloromethane (CHCl₃), is a colorless, volatile, and sweet-smelling liquid that is non-flammable and heavier than water.
• It belongs to the class of compounds called halogenated hydrocarbons and is primarily used as a solvent, reagent, and intermediate in the production of various chemicals, especially refrigerants and fluorocarbons.

Structure of Chloroform:

1. Chemical Formula: CHCl₃
2. Molecular Structure: Comprises a single carbon atom bonded to one hydrogen atom and three chlorine atoms.
3. Bonding: The carbon atom forms four single bonds—one with hydrogen and three with chlorine.
4. Geometry: Tetrahedral, with chlorine atoms having a greater spatial distribution due to their larger size compared to hydrogen.

Uses:

1. Anesthetic: Historically used as an inhalation anesthetic in medicine, though it’s less common now due to safety concerns.
2. Solvent: Utilized in the laboratory as a solvent for fats, oils, rubber, alkaloids, and resins.
3. Intermediate: Used in the production of refrigerants and fluoropolymers.
4. Pesticide: Sometimes used as a fumigant for grains and crops.

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