Chloroform (Trichloromethane)

Structure:

1. Chemical Formula: CHCl₃

2. Molecular Structure: Comprises a single carbon atom bonded to one hydrogen atom and three chlorine atoms.

3. Bonding: The carbon atom forms four single bonds—one with hydrogen and three with chlorine.

4. Geometry: Tetrahedral, with chlorine atoms having a greater spatial distribution due to their larger size compared to hydrogen.

   

   Chloroform

Uses:

1. Anesthetic: Historically used as an inhalation anesthetic in medicine, though it's less common now due to safety concerns.

2. Solvent: Utilized in the laboratory as a solvent for fats, oils, rubber, alkaloids, and resins.

3. Intermediate: Used in the production of refrigerants and fluoropolymers.

4. Pesticide: Sometimes used as a fumigant for grains and crops.