Classification of Antibiotics

Download Pdf Notes

• Here is the Classification of Antibiotics with short explanations and examples:

β-Lactam Antibiotics

• Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by targeting penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

• Examples:  Penicillin, Cephalosporin, β-Lactamase Inhibitors, Monobactams

Aminoglycosides

• Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, primarily effective against Gram-negative bacteria.

• Examples:  Streptomycin, Neomycin, Kanamycin

Tetracyclines

• Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, broad-spectrum activity.

• Examples:  Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Chlortetracycline, Minocycline, Doxycycline

Macrolides

• Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, effective against respiratory and soft tissue infections.

• Examples:  Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin

Miscellaneous Antibiotics

• Various mechanisms of action, including inhibition of protein synthesis or bacterial metabolism.

• Examples:  Chloramphenicol, Clindamycin

Antibiotic Class	Examples	Mechanism of Action
β-Lactam antibiotics	Penicillin, Cephalosporins, β-Lactamase inhibitors, Monobactams	Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
Aminoglycosides	Streptomycin, Neomycin, Kanamycin	Interfere with protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit
Tetracyclines	Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Chlortetracycline, Minocycline, Doxycycline	Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit
Macrolides	Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin	Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit
Miscellaneous	Chloramphenicol, Clindamycin	Chloramphenicol:  Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Clindamycin:  A lincosamide antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome

Download Pdf Notes