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Clonidine: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

sachinkumar244
1 min read

Chemical Structure/Formula:

  • C9H9Cl2N3

Structure of Clonidine
Structure of Clonidine

Mechanism of Action:

  • Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist.

  • It lowers blood pressure by stimulating alpha-2 receptors in the brain stem, which reduces sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to decreased heart rate and dilation of blood vessels.

  • This action results in lower blood pressure and a reduction in the heart's workload.

Uses:

  • Apart from hypertension, clonidine is used in the management of ADHD, certain pain conditions, and for the treatment of withdrawal symptoms from opioids, alcohol, and nicotine.

  • It's also used off-label for a variety of other conditions, including certain psychiatric disorders.

Side Effects:

  • Side effects can vary and might include dry mouth, sedation, fatigue, constipation, and potentially severe withdrawal symptoms if the medication is stopped abruptly.

  • In some cases, it can cause depression, and it should be used cautiously in individuals with a history of mental health issues.


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