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Codeine: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

sachinkumar244
1 min read

Chemical Structure:

  • C18H21NO3 · H2O

Chemical Structure
Chemical Structure

Mechanism of Action:

  • Codeine is a prodrug that is metabolically converted into morphine, which then exerts its effects by binding to mu-opioid receptors. It also acts on the medulla to suppress the cough reflex.

Uses:

  • Pain Relief: Used for mild to moderate pain.

  • Cough Suppression: Effective as an antitussive due to its action on the cough center in the brain.

Side Effects:

  • GI Disturbances: Including constipation and nausea.

  • CNS Effects: Drowsiness, light-headedness, and dizziness.

  • Respiratory Effects: Less potent respiratory depression than morphine, but caution is still advised.


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