Definition of Cold Cream:
Cold creams are water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, traditionally used for cleansing and moisturizing the skin.
They provide a cooling sensation upon application due to the evaporation of water from the skin surface.
Key Ingredients:
Oils and Fats: Provide emolliency (e.g., mineral oil, beeswax).
Water: Hydrating phase.
Emulsifiers: Stabilize the emulsion (e.g., borax, lanolin).
Preservatives and Fragrance: Enhance product shelf life and appeal.
Formulation and Preparation
Preparation of Oil Phase
Waxes and oil-soluble components are heated together until melted (often 65–75 °C).
Preparation of Aqueous Phase
Water and water-soluble ingredients (e.g., borax, glycerin) are heated to about the same temperature as the oil phase.
Emulsification
The aqueous phase is slowly added to the oil phase under continuous stirring to form a W/O emulsion.
Cooling
The emulsion is cooled with gentle stirring until it thickens and stabilizes.
Perfumes or heat-sensitive ingredients are added below 40 °C.
Final Checks
pH, consistency, and microbial tests are performed before packaging in jars or tubes.