Daunorubicin

Structure of Daunorubicin

• Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic characterized by a tetracyclic ring structure with a daunosamine sugar moiety.

• Chemical Formula: C₂₄H₂₈N₂O₁₃

Structure of Daunorubicin

Mode of Action

• DNA Intercalation: Inserts between DNA base pairs, disrupting DNA replication and transcription.

• Topoisomerase II Inhibition: Prevents the re-ligation of DNA strands, leading to DNA breaks.

• Free Radical Formation: Generates reactive oxygen species, causing cellular damage.

Uses

1. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Particularly effective in combination with cytarabine.

2. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): In pediatric and adult populations.

3. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): In certain treatment protocols.

4. Lymphomas: Including Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.