Structure of Diltiazem hydrochloride
Diltiazem hydrochloride is a benzothiazepine derivative with an imidazole ring fused to a thiazepine ring, attached to methoxy and ethyl substituents.
Chemical Formula: C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₄S·HCl
Mode of Action
Calcium Channel Blocking: Inhibits L-type calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle.
Negative Inotropic Effect: Decreases myocardial contractility.
Negative Chronotropic Effect: Slows heart rate by affecting sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes.
Vasodilation: Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, reducing blood pressure.
Uses
Hypertension: Lowers blood pressure through vasodilation.
Angina Pectoris: Alleviates chest pain by reducing myocardial oxygen demand.
Supraventricular Tachycardia: Manages certain types of rapid heart rhythms.
Arrhythmias: Treats various cardiac arrhythmias.
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Reduces ventricular outflow tract obstruction.