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There are numerous blood disorders that can affect the various components of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
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Common Blood Disorders
1) Anemia
Decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport. Types include iron-deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, hemolytic, and sickle cell anemia.
2) Hemophilia
Inherited bleeding disorders caused by clotting factor deficiencies (Factor VIII in hemophilia A, Factor IX in hemophilia B), leading to prolonged bleeding and joint damage.
3) Thalassemia
Inherited disorders causing abnormal hemoglobin production and red blood cell destruction. Types include alpha and beta, depending on the affected globin chain.
4) Leukemia
Cancers of blood-forming tissues, leading to abnormal white blood cell production. Classified into acute or chronic, and lymphoid or myeloid.
5) Lymphoma
Cancer originating in the lymphatic system, involving uncontrolled lymphocyte growth. Types include Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
6) Multiple Myeloma
Cancer affecting plasma cells, leading to bone damage, impaired immunity, and increased infection risk.
7) Aplastic Anemia
Rare disorder where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient blood cells, potentially caused by radiation, chemotherapy, or autoimmune diseases.
8) Polycythemia Vera
Rare disorder characterized by excessive red blood cell production, increasing blood viscosity and risk of clots, stroke, or heart attack.
9) Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Autoimmune disorder resulting in low platelet count and increased bleeding risk, with the immune system mistakenly destroying platelets.
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