There are several kidney disorders that can affect kidney function and overall health. Some common disorders include:
1. Acute kidney injury (AKI):
Sudden, temporary loss of kidney function caused by factors such as decreased blood flow, direct kidney damage, or blockage of urine flow.
Rapid intervention is crucial to prevent permanent damage.
2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD):
Gradual loss of kidney function over time, often due to conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or glomerulonephritis.
CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.
3. Glomerulonephritis:
Inflammation of the glomeruli, which can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other factors.
Glomerulonephritis can lead to proteinuria, hematuria, and reduced kidney function.
4. Kidney stones:
Solid crystals formed in the kidneys from substances in urine, such as calcium, oxalate, or uric acid.
Kidney stones can cause severe pain, urinary obstruction, and infection.
5. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD):
A genetic disorder characterized by the development of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, which can lead to kidney enlargement, pain, and reduced kidney function.
6. Nephrotic syndrome:
A condition characterized by high levels of protein in the urine, low levels of protein in the blood, high cholesterol, and swelling (edema).
It can result from various kidney disorders, such as diabetic nephropathy or minimal change disease.
7. Urinary tract infections (UTIs):
Infections of the urinary system, usually caused by bacteria. UTIs can affect the kidneys (pyelonephritis), bladder (cystitis), or urethra (urethritis) and can lead to kidney damage if left untreated.
8. Kidney cancer:
The most common type is renal cell carcinoma, which originates in the renal tubules.
Early detection and treatment are crucial for a better prognosis.
These are just a few examples of kidney disorders. It is essential to maintain proper kidney function through a healthy lifestyle, regular checkups, and timely treatment of any kidney-related issues.