Eflornithine: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side effects

Chemical formula:

• C6H12F2N2O2

Structure of Eflornithine

Mechanism of Action:

• Eflornithine is an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme essential for the synthesis of polyamines in protozoan parasites, particularly Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. By inhibiting this enzyme, eflornithine disrupts the growth and replication of the parasite, leading to its death.

Uses:

• Eflornithine is primarily used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. It is also used topically as a cream to treat excessive facial hair growth (hirsutism) in women.

Side effects:

• Common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), headache, dizziness, and anemia. Other side effects may include seizures, hearing loss, or leukopenia.