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Enflurane: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

Chemical Structure:

  • C3H2ClF5O

Chemical Structure
Chemical Structure

Mechanism of Action:

  • GABAergic System: Enhances the action of GABA, leading to CNS depression.

  • Excitatory Neurotransmitter Inhibition: Reduces the activity of neurotransmitters that typically excite neurons, like glutamate.

  • Ion Channel Modulation: Alters the function of ion channels, which affects neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission.

Uses:

  • General Anesthesia: Widely used for this purpose, though its use has decreased in favor of agents with fewer side effects.

Side Effects:

  • Seizure Potential: Unique among inhalational anesthetics, it can paradoxically increase the risk of seizures, especially in susceptible individuals.

  • Respiratory and Cardiovascular Effects: Typical of general anesthetics, including respiratory depression and potential cardiac arrhythmias.

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