Ephedrine: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

Chemical Structure/Formula:

• C10H15NO

Structure of Ephedrine

Mechanism of Action:

• Ephedrine acts as a sympathomimetic agent, stimulating alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors. It leads to increased release of norepinephrine, resulting in both direct and indirect stimulation of adrenergic receptors. This results in bronchial muscle relaxation, increased heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as mild central nervous system stimulation.

Uses:

• It has been used to prevent low blood pressure during spinal anesthesia, as a decongestant, and for temporary relief of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing due to bronchial asthma.

Side Effects:

• Possible side effects include nervousness, anxiety, dizziness, headache, nausea, loss of appetite, and trouble sleeping. High doses or prolonged use can lead to significant cardiovascular effects like hypertension and arrhythmias.