Buccal delivery systems are designed to administer drugs through the buccal mucosa (the lining of the inside of the cheek).
This approach offers several advantages such as bypassing the first-pass metabolism, faster onset of action, and improved patient compliance.
Formulation considerations of buccal delivery systems
Mucoadhesive Agents:
Purpose: Enhance residence time on the buccal mucosa.
Examples: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan.
Permeation Enhancers:
Purpose: Increase drug permeability across the mucosal barrier.
Examples: Fatty acids, bile salts, surfactants.
Dosage Forms:
Buccal Tablets: Compact forms that dissolve or adhere to the mucosa.
Buccal Films: Thin, flexible strips that conform to the mucosal surface.
Buccal Gels: Semi-solid formulations providing sustained drug release.
Buccal Sprays: Liquid formulations for rapid drug deposition and absorption.
Drug Release Kinetics:
Immediate Release: Quick dissolution and absorption for rapid therapeutic effect.
Sustained Release: Gradual drug release to maintain steady plasma levels.
Compatibility and Stability:
pH Considerations: Formulations should maintain stability and efficacy within the buccal environment.
Non-Irritating Ingredients: Ensuring patient comfort and adherence.
Patient Factors:
Ease of Administration: User-friendly dosage forms enhance compliance.
Taste and Sensory Attributes: Masking unpleasant tastes is crucial for acceptance.