Functional classification is based on the degree of movement allowed by the joint.
There are three primary functional classifications:
1) Synarthrosis (Immovable Joints) (Functional Classification of Joints)
These joints allow little or no movement.
Example: Sutures of the skull.
2) Amphiarthrosis (Slightly Movable Joints)
These joints permit limited movement.
Example: The pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.
3) Diarthrosis (Freely Movable Joints)
These joints allow a wide range of motion.
Example: Synovial joints like the knee, hip, and shoulder.
Main functions of joints:
Provide movement: Allow bending, rotating, and extending for activities like walking and reaching.
Support weight: Weight-bearing joints (e.g., knees, hips) support body weight during standing and walking.
Absorb shock: Reduce impact during physical activities, protecting bones and tissues.
Provide stability: Maintain posture and alignment.
Allow flexibility: Enable adaptation to various movements and postures.
Synthesize synovial fluid: Lubricate joints, reduce friction, and nourish cartilage.
Facilitate blood supply: Ensure adequate oxygen and nutrients to surrounding tissues.
Aid in metabolism: Facilitate nutrient and waste exchange between bones and tissues.