Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
It increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other serious health issues.
Blood Pressure Classification
Category | Systolic (mmHg) | Diastolic (mmHg) |
Normal | < 120 | < 80 |
Pre-Hypertension | 120 – 139 | 80 – 89 |
Stage 1 Hypertension | 140 – 159 | 90 – 99 |
Stage 2 Hypertension | > 160 | > 100 |
Causes of Hypertension
1) Lifestyle Factors:
Chronic stress
Smoking
2) Biological Factors:
Advancing age
Family history/genetics
Increased sympathetic nervous system activity
3) Medical Conditions:
Chronic kidney disease
Adrenal gland disorders
Thyroid disorders
Chronic arterial disease
Effects of Hypertension
1) Cardiovascular Complications:
Heart attack
Stroke
Heart failure
2) Organ Damage:
Retinopathy (eye problems)
Kidney damage
3) Metabolic and Neurological Issues:
Metabolic syndrome
Brain stroke
4) Other Complications:
Sexual dysfunction