What Are Autacoids?
Autacoids are biologically active substances produced within the body that act locally to regulate various physiological functions.
Unlike hormones, which are secreted into the bloodstream and act on distant targets, autacoids exert their effects near their site of synthesis.
They play crucial roles in modulating processes such as inflammation, vascular tone, and neurotransmission.
Characteristics of Autacoids:
Local Action: They act in the vicinity of their site of production.
Short-lived Effects: Rapid synthesis and degradation ensure transient effects.
Receptor Mediated: Their actions are mediated through specific receptors on target cells.
Common Classes of Autacoids:
Amino Acids: Such as serotonin (5-HT) and substance P.
Biogenic Amines: Including histamine and catecholamines.
Eicosanoids: Such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
Peptides: Including bradykinin and angiotensin.