Methenamine (Hexamethylenetetramine): Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

Chemical Formula:

• C6H12N4

Structure of Methenamine/Hexamethylenetetrenine

Mechanism of Action:

• Methenamine is a urinary antiseptic with antibacterial properties.

• When it reaches the acidic environment of the urine, it decomposes into ammonia and formaldehyde.

• The formaldehyde is toxic to bacteria, as it denatures their proteins and nucleic acids, leading to bacterial cell death.

Uses:

• Methenamine is primarily used for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in patients with a history of frequent UTIs.

Side Effects:

Some common side effects of methenamine include:

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Abdominal pain

• Loss of appetite

Serious side effects may include:

• Crystalluria (crystals in the urine)

• Hematuria (blood in the urine)

• Bladder irritation

• Hypersensitivity reactions