Several methods exist for preparing suppositories, each with pros and cons.
The choice of method depends on factors like the base type, drug solubility, stability, and available equipment.
Below are the main methods:
1) Hand Molding
Used for small-scale preparation in pharmacy settings.
Involves manually shaping the suppository.
Steps:
Melt the suppository base in a water bath.
Mix in the active ingredient evenly.
Let the mixture cool to a moldable consistency.
Shape the suppository manually using a spatula or mold.
Allow to harden before packaging or use.
2) Compression Molding
Ideal for large-scale production and works with both lipophilic and hydrophilic bases.
Involves compressing the mixture into molds using a machine.
Steps:
Mix the active ingredient with the suppository base in powder or granule form.
Load the mixture into a compression machine.
Compress the mixture into molds.
Remove and package the suppositories.
3) Fusion (Melt) Molding
The most common method, suitable for lipophilic bases.
Involves pouring molten mixture into molds.
Steps:
Melt the suppository base.
Incorporate the active ingredient evenly.
Pour the molten mixture into a mold, avoiding air bubbles.
Allow to cool and harden.
Remove from the mold and package.