Microbial genetics studies the genetic material of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea.
It focuses on gene organization, inheritance, and transfer, with processes like transformation, transduction, and conjugation playing key roles in microbial adaptation, antibiotic resistance, and evolution.
This field is crucial for understanding microbial diversity, evolution, and ecological roles, with applications in biotechnology, including antibiotic and vaccine development, biofuels, and pathogen control.
Key Areas of Study
Genome Structure & Function – Examines gene organization, expression, and DNA replication, recombination, and repair.
Genetic Diversity & Evolution – Investigates variation through mutation, recombination, and horizontal gene transfer.
Gene Transfer & Engineering – Studies genetic exchange via transformation, transduction, and conjugation, with applications in biotechnology.
Microbial Pathogenesis – Explores genetic factors behind microbial virulence and immune evasion.
Understanding microbial genetics aids in combating diseases, advancing industrial microbiology, and driving biotechnological innovations.
