Structure of Minoxidil
Minoxidil is a pyrimidine derivative with a quinazoline moiety linked to a hydroxyl group and an amine substituent.
Chemical Formula: C₉H₁₅N₅O
Mode of Action
Potassium Channel Opener: Opens ATP-sensitive potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle.
Vasodilation: Causes profound vasodilation, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and lowering blood pressure.
Hair Growth Stimulation: Promotes hair follicle enlargement and prolongs the anagen phase of hair growth (used topically).
Uses
Hypertension: Used in severe or resistant hypertension, often in combination with other antihypertensives.
Hair Loss: Applied topically to treat androgenetic alopecia and promote hair growth.
Heart Failure: As an adjunctive therapy to reduce afterload and preload.
Vasospastic Conditions: Manages conditions involving excessive vasoconstriction.
