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Morphine Sulphate: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

sachinkumar244
1 min read

Chemical Structure:

  • C17H19NO3 · H2SO4

Chemical Structure
Chemical Structure

Mechanism of Action:

  • Morphine is a strong opioid agonist primarily at the mu-opioid receptors. It alters the perception and emotional response to pain by binding to these receptors in the brain and spinal cord, decreasing the release of neurotransmitters like substance P and reducing synaptic transmission. This action also leads to the activation of descending inhibitory pathways in the central nervous system.

Uses:

  • Severe Pain: Particularly effective in acute severe pain and chronic pain, including cancer pain.

  • Palliative Care: Often used in palliative care to alleviate severe dyspnea and pain.

Side Effects:

  • Respiratory Depression: A major concern, especially at higher doses.

  • Gastrointestinal Issues: Constipation is a significant side effect due to reduced gastrointestinal motility.

  • CNS Effects: Sedation, dizziness, and sometimes confusion or mood changes.

  • Dependence and Tolerance: Long-term use can lead to physical dependence and tolerance.

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