Narcotic Analgesics:
They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, thereby reducing the transmission of pain signals to the brain.
Non-narcotic Analgesics:
Non-narcotic analgesics are a diverse group of medications used for their analgesic effects that do not lead to loss of consciousness.
These drugs are primarily used for the treatment of mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever.
Classification:
The listed drugs can be classified into three main categories based on their pharmacological effects and use in pain management:
1.Narcotic (Opioid) Analgesics:
These drugs are primarily used for pain relief.
They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, inhibiting the transmission of pain signals.
Morphine and related drugs:
These are either derived from opium or synthetic analogues with similar effects.
Morphine Sulphate
Codeine
Meperidine Hydrochloride
Anileridine Hydrochloride
Diphenoxylate Hydrochloride
Loperamide Hydrochloride
Fentanyl Citrate*
Methadone Hydrochloride*
Propoxyphene Hydrochloride
Pentazocine
Levorphanol Tartrate
2.Narcotic Antagonists:
These drugs are used to reverse the effects of narcotics, especially in the case of overdose.
They bind to opioid receptors without activating them, effectively blocking or reversing the effects of opioid analgesics.
Nalorphine Hydrochloride
Levallorphan Tartrate
Naloxone Hydrochloride
3.Anti-inflammatory Agents (Non-Narcotic Analgesics):
These drugs provide pain relief, fever reduction, and, in higher doses, reduce inflammation. Unlike narcotic analgesics, they do not act on the opioid receptors and typically do not produce sedation or addiction.
Sodium Salicylate
Aspirin
Mefenamic Acid*
Meclofenamate
Indomethacin
Sulindac
Tolmetin
Zomepirac
Diclofenac
Ketorolac
Ibuprofen*
Naproxen
Piroxicam
Phenacetin
Acetaminophen
Antipyrine
Phenylbutazone
