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Oestradiol/Estradiol

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Structure

  • Oestradiol is the most potent endogenous estrogen, featuring a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure with two hydroxyl groups at the 3 and 17 positions.

  • Chemical Formula: C₁₈H₂₄O₂

    Chemical Formula Oestradiol
Structure of Oestradiol
Structure of Oestradiol

Mode of Action

  • Estrogen Receptor Activation: Binds to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), regulating gene expression involved in reproductive and non-reproductive systems.

  • Reproductive Functions: Stimulates the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, regulates the menstrual cycle, and prepares the endometrium for implantation.

  • Bone Health: Promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption, preventing osteoporosis.

  • Cardiovascular Effects: Improves lipid profiles by increasing HDL-C and decreasing LDL-C, and promotes vasodilation.

  • Neuroprotective Roles: Influences cognitive function and mood regulation.

Uses of Oestradiol

  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Alleviates menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and osteoporosis prevention.

  • Contraception: Used in combination with progestins in oral contraceptives.

  • Gender-Affirming Therapy: Administered to transgender women to develop female secondary sexual characteristics.

  • Breast Cancer Treatment: Utilized in hormone-sensitive breast cancers to modulate estrogen effects.

  • Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Supports estrogen levels in women with ovarian failure.


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