Principle:
Orifice Meter Based on Bernoulli's theorem and the continuity equation.
When fluid passes through an orifice plate, the velocity increases, and pressure decreases.
The pressure drop is related to the flow rate.
Formula:
Where:
Q = flow rate
Cd = discharge coefficient
Ao = area of the orifice
ΔP = pressure difference across the orifice
ρ = fluid density
Construction:
Orifice Plate: A thin plate with a precisely machined hole.
Pressure Taps: Installed before and after the orifice plate to measure the pressure difference.
Working:
Fluid flows through the orifice plate, causing a drop in pressure.
The pressure difference is measured and used to calculate the flow rate.
Uses:
Widely used in water, gas, and steam flow measurement in pipelines.
Common in industries like oil and gas, chemical processing, and water treatment.
Advantages:
Simple and inexpensive design.
Easy to install and maintain.
Suitable for a wide range of fluids.
Disadvantages:
Causes significant permanent pressure loss.
Accuracy affected by wear and tear of the orifice plate.
Limited to certain flow conditions and ranges.