Particle Size:
Definition:
Refers to the diameter or dimension of individual drug particles.
Importance:
Dissolution Rate: Smaller particles have a larger surface area, enhancing dissolution and absorption.
Uniformity: Ensures consistent dosing in tablet or capsule formulations.
Flow Properties: Poorly sized particles may lead to aggregation and poor flow, impacting manufacturing efficiency.
Bioavailability: Influences drug absorption, especially for poorly soluble drugs.
Example:
Micronization reduces particle size to improve the solubility of drugs like griseofulvin and fenofibrate.
Particle Shape:
Definition:
Describes the geometric form of particles (e.g., spherical, irregular, needle-shaped).
Importance:
Flow Properties: Spherical particles flow better than irregular ones.
Packing Density: Impacts compression characteristics during tablet manufacturing.
Dissolution Rate: Shape can influence the effective surface area exposed to the solvent.