Creams are semi-solid topical preparations that consist of an emulsion of oil and water.
They are generally less greasy and more easily absorbed than ointments, making them a popular choice for various skin conditions and cosmetic applications.
Creams provide a balance between occlusion and hydration, making them suitable for a wide range of uses.
Preparation:
Creams are typically prepared using one of two methods, depending on whether they are oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions:
Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions:
These creams have a higher proportion of water and a lower proportion of oil.
The oil phase is dispersed in the water phase, with the help of an emulsifying agent.
O/W creams are usually prepared by heating the oil and water phases separately, then slowly adding the oil phase to the water phase while mixing continuously.
Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions:
These creams have a higher proportion of oil and a lower proportion of water.
The water phase is dispersed in the oil phase, with the help of an emulsifying agent.
W/O creams are prepared by heating the oil and water phases separately, then slowly adding the water phase to the oil phase while mixing continuously.
Types:
Creams can be classified based on their emulsion type and the type of active ingredients they contain:
Oil-in-water (O/W) creams:
Water-in-oil (W/O) creams:
Uses:
Creams have a wide range of uses in dermatology, cosmetics, and other medical applications, including:
Moisturization:
Protection: W/O
Wound care:
Pain relief: