Definition
Gels are semi-solid topical preparations consisting of a liquid phase dispersed in a gelling agent, forming a three-dimensional network.
They are typically transparent, non-greasy, easily spreadable, and provide a cooling and soothing effect.
Gels are widely used in dermatology, cosmetics, and medical applications.
Preparation Methods of gels
Gels are prepared depending on their type:
Hydrogels
Water-based gels with a gelling agent soluble or swellable in water.
Preparation: The gelling agent is dispersed in water, often with heat or mixing. Once fully hydrated, the mixture is cooled to form a gel. Active ingredients or additives can be incorporated during mixing.
Organogels
Organic solvent-based gels where the gelling agent is soluble or swellable in an organic solvent.
Preparation: The gelling agent is dispersed in the solvent, followed by mixing in active ingredients and cooling for gel formation.
Types of Gels
Hydrogels
Organogels
Emulgels (gels with both oil and water phases)
Uses
Gels are used for various purposes, including:
Cooling and soothing effects
Moisturization
Wound care
Pain relief
Antifungal and antiviral treatments
Cosmetic applications