General Considerations in Industrial Enzyme Production
Selection of Microorganisms
Enzyme-producing bacteria (Bacillus spp.), fungi (Aspergillus spp.), and yeast (Saccharomyces spp.).
Fermentation Process
Submerged Fermentation (SmF): Microorganisms are grown in liquid media (e.g., for amylase production).
Solid-State Fermentation (SSF): Uses solid substrates like bran or wheat for enzyme production (e.g., fungal proteases).
Optimization of Growth Conditions
pH, temperature, aeration, and nutrient supply are adjusted for maximum enzyme yield.
Downstream Processing
Includes enzyme extraction, purification, and formulation.
