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Proguanil: Chemical formula, Mechanism of action, Uses & Side effects

Chemical formula:

  • C11H16ClN5

Structure of Proguanil
Structure of Proguanil

Mechanism of action:

  • Proguanil is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite, cycloguanil, which inhibits DHFR and disrupts nucleic acid synthesis in the Plasmodium parasite.

Uses:

  • Proguanil is used for malaria prophylaxis, often in combination with atovaquone (Malarone®), in areas with drug-resistant P. falciparum.

Side effects:

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • abdominal pain

  • headache

  • dizziness

  • and rash

  • Rare but serious side effects include neutropenia, hepatotoxicity, and severe skin reactions.


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