top of page
Search
1 min read

Ritonavir: Chemical Structure, Mechanism of Action, Uses & Side Effects

Chemical Formula:

  • C37H48N6O5S2

Structure of Ritonavir
Structure of Ritonavir

Mechanism of Action:

  • Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor (PI) that works against HIV. Similar to indinavir, ritonavir inhibits the viral protease enzyme, preventing the maturation of new viral particles and reducing viral replication.

  • Additionally, ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of the CYP3A4 enzyme, which is involved in the metabolism of many drugs.

  • Due to this property, ritonavir is often used at low doses in combination with other PIs to boost their plasma concentrations, enhancing their efficacy.

Uses:

  • Ritonavir is used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV infection.

  • It is often used as a pharmacokinetic enhancer (booster) for other PIs.

Side Effects:

Some common side effects of ritonavir include:

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • Abdominal pain

  • Headache

Serious side effects may include:

  • Hepatotoxicity

  • Pancreatitis

  • Hyperglycemia

  • Lipodystrophy

  • QT interval prolongation



bottom of page