Saponification Value (SV)
- S-3-PHARMACEUTICAL-ORGANIC-CHEMISTRY
- Feb 28
- 1 min read
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Definition
The saponification value is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required to saponify 1 gram of fat or oil.
Significance
Indicates the average molecular weight (or chain length) of the fatty acids in the fat or oil.
Higher saponification values suggest the presence of short-chain fatty acids, whereas lower values indicate longer-chain fatty acids.
Used to differentiate between different types of fats and oils.
Principle
The fat or oil is boiled with a known excess of alcoholic KOH, which saponifies the fat.
The remaining KOH is then titrated with a standard acid solution.
The saponification value is calculated from the difference between the amount of KOH added and the amount of KOH remaining after the reaction.
Equation of Saponification Value
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