Source:
Soybean (Glycine max) is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses.
Name of Marker Compounds and Their Chemical Nature:
1. Isoflavones:
Phytoestrogens (plant-derived compounds with estrogenic activity) that are classified as antioxidants.
The most notable isoflavones in soybeans are genistein, daidzein, and glycitein.
2. Saponins:
Compounds that possess cholesterol-lowering properties.
3. Proteins:
Soy protein is a significant source of dietary protein, containing all nine essential amino acids.
Medicinal Uses and Health Benefits:
1. Cardiovascular Health:
Soy's isoflavones and saponins can help reduce blood cholesterol levels, lowering the risk of heart disease.
The FDA has recognized the role of soy protein in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease.
2. Bone Health:
Isoflavones in soybeans may help decrease bone loss and increase bone mineral density during menopause, potentially reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
3. Menopausal Symptoms:
Soy isoflavones can mimic estrogen and may help alleviate menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes.
4. Cancer Risk Reduction:
Some studies suggest that regular consumption of soy foods might reduce the risk of certain cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, although the evidence is mixed and more research is needed