Structure of Triamterene
Triamterene is a non-steroidal potassium-sparing diuretic with a triazine ring structure attached to an aromatic moiety and amine groups.
Chemical Formula: C₁₆H₁₅N₃O₃
Mode of Action
ENaC Inhibition: Blocks epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in the collecting ducts, reducing sodium reabsorption.
Potassium Retention: Promotes potassium retention by minimizing its excretion.
Sodium Excretion: Enhances excretion of sodium and water without significant loss of potassium.
Uses
Edema: Treats fluid retention in conditions like congestive heart failure and renal disease.
Hypertension: Lowers blood pressure by promoting sodium excretion.
Diuretic Combinations: Often combined with thiazides to enhance diuretic efficacy and prevent hypokalemia.