Manometers are devices used to measure the pressure of fluids by balancing the fluid column against a known pressure.
1) Simple Manometer:
A) Piezometer:
Measures the pressure of a liquid column, usually open to the atmosphere.
B) U-tube Manometer:
Comprises a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid (often mercury or water) where one end is connected to the fluid whose pressure is to be measured, and the other is open to the atmosphere or connected to another pressure source.
2) Differential Manometer:
Used to measure the difference in pressure between two points in a fluid system.
A) U-tube Differential Manometer:
Similar to the U-tube manometer but both ends are connected to different points in the system.
B) Inverted U-tube Manometer:
Inverted U-shape used for measuring small pressure differences in gases.
3) Inclined Manometer:
A U-tube manometer with one leg inclined to increase sensitivity and accuracy in measuring small pressure differences.