Structure of Verapamil
Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine derivative featuring a benzene ring connected to a dihydropyridine moiety through a methoxyethyl bridge.
Chemical Formula: C₂₂H₂₉N₃O₄
Mode of Action
Calcium Channel Blocking: Inhibits L-type calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells.
Negative Inotropic Effect: Decreases myocardial contractility.
Negative Chronotropic Effect: Reduces heart rate by slowing sinoatrial node activity.
Vasodilation: Lowers blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle.
Uses
Hypertension: Lowers blood pressure by causing vasodilation.
Angina Pectoris: Reduces myocardial oxygen demand and increases oxygen supply.
Arrhythmias: Treats supraventricular tachycardias by slowing AV node conduction.
Migraine Prophylaxis: Prevents the onset of migraines.
Cluster Headaches: Used as a preventive measure.