Ethionamide

Chemical Structure / Formula of Ethionamide

  • Formula: C₈H₁₀N₂S
  • Structure: Similar to isoniazid but contains a thioamide (-CSNH₂) group instead of a hydrazide.

Ethionamide

Mechanism of Action

  • Prodrug, activated by mycobacterial EthA enzyme.
  • Inhibits InhA enzyme, blocking mycolic acid synthesis, disrupting the bacterial cell wall.

Uses of Ethionamide

  • Second-line drug for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).

Side Effects

  • Hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity (peripheral neuropathy, psychosis).
  • GI disturbances (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain).
  • Hypothyroidism (interferes with thyroid hormone synthesis).

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