- Biopiracy refers to the exploitation of biological resources or traditional knowledge of indigenous communities without consent or compensation.
- It undermines indigenous rights, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development.
Examples of Biopiracy:
-
Neem Tree Case (India):
- Neem (Azadirachta indica) has been used in India for pest control and medicinal purposes.
- A patent was granted for a neem-based antifungal formulation, but activists challenged it as biopiracy.
- The patent was revoked by the European Patent Office after legal action.
-
Hoodia Cactus Case (Africa):
- The San people traditionally used Hoodia gordonii as an appetite suppressant.
- Researchers patented the active compound and licensed it for commercial use.
- After negotiations, a benefit-sharing agreement was reached, ensuring the San people received a share of the profits.
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