Furazolidine

Chemical Structure / Formula of Furazolidine

• Formula: C₈H₇N₃O₅
• Structure: Nitrofuran derivative with an oxazolidinone ring.

Mechanism of Action

• Prodrug activated by bacterial nitroreductases, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS).
• These radicals damage bacterial DNA, proteins, and cell membranes, leading to cell death.

Uses of Furazolidine

• UTIs caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
• Giardiasis, cholera, and enteric infections (E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, etc.).
• Limited modern use due to availability of better alternatives.

Side Effects

• GI upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).
• Peripheral neuropathy (long-term use).
• Hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients.
• Disulfiram-like reaction (avoid alcohol).

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