Methenamine

Chemical Structure / Formula of Methenamine

  • Formula: C₆H₁₂N₄
  • Structure: A hexamethylenetetramine compound that breaks down in acidic urine.

Methenamine

Mechanism of Action

  • Converted into formaldehyde in acidic urine (pH <5.5).
  • Formaldehyde is bactericidal, disrupting bacterial proteins and DNA.

Uses of Methenamine

  • Prophylaxis and suppression of recurrent UTIs.
  • Not effective for active infections (requires acidic urine for activation).

Side Effects

  • GI upset (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain).
  • Bladder irritation, hematuria (high doses).
  • Contraindicated in renal and hepatic insufficiency (risk of ammonia toxicity).

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